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Agency
of the Decade
Early in
the 1980's, Chiat discovered that he enjoyed being an entrepreneur
more than he enjoyed editing and writing ads. He relinquished the
position of Creative Director to Lee Clow and took on a more managerial
posture. This movement in responsibilities allowed Chiat to focus
on expanding the agency nationally as well as drum up new business.
Lee Clow, who by the end of the decade would be regarded as the
single most influential working creative in the country, would develop
the campaigns for which Chiat/Day would become famous. The relationship
would prove fruitful for the agency. Chiat prodded Clow into creating
work that he called "breakthrough creative"- ads that
were both entertaining and strategically sound. Clow took on a nurturing
role within the agency, keeping the workforce together when Chiat
displayed his famous temper. (p. 35.)
Like many agencies,
Chiat/Day established its reputation with strong print advertising.
But it was the agency's television work in the 1980s that
defined its reputation for being able to create what Chiat himself
called, "the big idea." (Stabiner, 1993, p. 320.) It was
Chiat/Days work for three clients that epitomized their achievements
in the 1980s: Apple Computer, Nike and Energizer.
In 1984, Apple Computer
was set to launch a revolutionary new computer called the Macintosh.
Steve Jobs, founder of Apple and one whose temperament and personality
was very much like his friend Jay Chiats, wanted a commercial
that was as revolutionary as the product itself. What Apple got
was a 60-second commercial that was "the single biggest splash
in the history of television advertising." (Malone, 1998, p.
274.)
The commercial, directed
by famous film director Ridley Scott, aired to a national audience
only once- during the half-time of the 1984 Super Bowl. The commercial
was a direct homage to George Orwells book, "1984."
Mindless drones marched to the sound of a menacing speech. The oration
was intoned by a Big Brother-esque character that loomed over the
imprisoned audience on an oversized screen. The speech was intercut
with shots of a woman carrying a sledgehammer running towards the
screen, chased by security guards. Finally, the woman stopped in
front of the blue glow of the screen and with an impassioned cry
released the sledgehammer, shattering it into a thousand pieces
of glass. The voice-over followed, "On January 24, Apple Computer
will introduce Macintosh. And you'll see why 1984 wont be
like 1984." (p. 275)
The commercial was so
astounding that it caused one of the on-air Super Bowl announcers
to say, "Wow, what was that?"(p. 275.) That
was an advertising sensation. Unlike most commercials that come
and go with little fanfare, "1984" left a permanent impact
on the advertising industry. The commercial, which never aired again
to a national audience, single-handedly turned the Super Bowl of
football into the Super Bowl of advertising. Each year, agencies
across the country spend millions of dollars in production and air
time to try and equal the impact of "1984." (McCarthy,
1998, p. 178.) Ultimately, the spot went on to be the first American
commercial to win the Grand Prix award at the Cannes advertising
competition. (Malone, 1998, p. 276.) More recently, Advertising
Age said unequivocally that it was "the best commercial
ever made." Not bad for a spot that Apple's board of directors
almost pulled at the last second. (McCarthy, 1998, p. 178.)

Later that year,
Chiat/Day enjoyed a similar success with their campaign for Nike
during the Los Angeles Summer Olympics. Chiat/Day bought space on
the walls of large buildings in major cities across the United States.
On that space was painted portraits of athletes with a very simple
Nike logo in the corner. There was no overt sales pitch or promise.
The outdoor blitz was accompanied by a commercial with singer Randy
Newman belting "I Love L.A." intercut with shots of prominent
Olympic athletes. The results of the campaign were astounding. By
the end of the Olympics, most Americans believed that Nike was the
official shoe company of the Summer Games, a title that had been
purchased for millions of dollars by Converse. (Stabiner, 1993,
p. 48.) As Lee Clow wrote in 1998, "...you began to feel that
advertising could be art... Nike took over Los Angeles for the '84
Olympics (not by paying to be the official anything but by just
doing it)." (Clow, 1998, p. 152.)
Despite the success
of these campaigns, both Apple and Nike left the agency within one
week of each other in 1986. Apple had a new CEO who wanted to turn
over the account to his favorite agency, BBDO. Nike left, complaining
that Chiat/Day was not as strong with creating marketing strategies
as it was with creating "big ideas." (Deveny et. al.,
1987, p. 70.) Jay Chiat quickly rebounded, personally overseeing
a pitch for Nissan Motors. The $150 million dollar account was awarded
to Chiat/Day and catapulted the agency into the top 25 biggest agencies
in the United States. (p. 70.)

The final Chiat/Day
creative coup of the 1980s was the campaign for Energizer
batteries. The television campaign featured a battery powered stuffed
bunny who banged his drum through a series of parody commercials.
The campaign was a hit, spawning a myriad of executions as well
as receiving a great deal of media acclaim. (p. 296.) The concept
had remarkable staying power as well. TBWA/Chiat/Day (as the agency
is now known) is still turning out commercials featuring the pink
stuffed animal. "The campaign was designed to become stronger
over time. The longer it runs, the stronger the point about the
product's attribute," remarked Creative Director Dick Sittig.
(Dawson, 1998, p. 186.)
The campaign was a fitting
end of the decade for Jay Chiat. In 1989, he accepted Advertising
Ages "Agency of the Decade" on behalf of the company
he built into a national force. However, it was to be a short lived
victory. The early 1990's would prove to be very difficult for the
advertising industry- especially for it's newly crowned leader.
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