Definitions of Perception


The following definitions are ordered by their degree of complexity, from the simplest to the most complex.

1.  Runyon, Kenneth E.:
    "A process through which we make sense out of the world (Runyon, 1977)."

2.  Zaltman, Gerald and Wallendorf, Melanie:
    "The process of giving meaning to stimuli is referred to as perception (  )."

3.  Wells, William, Burnett, John and Moriarty, Sandra:
    "Perception is the process by which we receive information through our five senses and assign meaning to it (  )."

4.  Markin, Rom J. Jr.:
    "Perception is a complex process by which people select, organize, and interpret sensory stimulation into a meaningful picture of the world (Markin, 1974)."

5.  Wilkie, William L.:
    "In a broad sense, the topic of perception is concerned with the translation from the external, physical world to the internal, mental world that each of us actually experiences."  "There are three basic functions that are contained in the definition of perception: sensing a stimulus in the external world; selecting and attending to certain stimuli and not others; and interpreting the stimuli and giving them meaning (  )."
 

Figure 1
Source of Figure 1:

6.  Forgus, Ronald H. and Melamed, Lawrence E.:
    "The way the individual gains knowledge about his environment in this quest for adaptive behavior is of prime importance.  The gaining of such knowledge necessitates the extraction of information from the vast array of physical energy which stimulates the organism's senses.  Only those stimuli which have cue value, i.e., which trigger some kind of reactive or adaptive action from the individual, should logically be called information.  For our purposes, perception will be defined as the process of information extraction (  )."
 

Figure 2
Source of Figure 2: 

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